Caesalpinia

Caesalpinia

Caesalpinia pulcherrima
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
(unranked):	Angiosperms
(unranked):	Eudicots
(unranked):	Rosids
Order:	Fabales
Family:	Fabaceae
Subfamily:	Caesalpinioideae
Tribe:	Caesalpinieae
Genus:	Caesalpinia L.^[1]
Type species
Caesalpinia brasiliensis L.^[2]
Species
See text.
Synonyms
Biancaea Tod. Brasilettia (DC.) Kuntze Denisophytum R.Vig. Poinciana L. Ticanto Adans.^[1]

Caesalpinia sappan

Caesalpinia is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae. Membership within the genus is controversial, with different publications including anywhere from 70 to 165 species, depending largely on the inclusion or exclusion of species alternately listed under genera such as Hoffmannseggia. It contains tropical or subtropical woody plants including lianas. The generic name honors the botanist, physician and philosopher Andrea Cesalpino (1519-1603).^[3]

The name Caesalpinaceae at family level, or Caesalpinioideae at the level of subfamily, is based on this generic name.

Selected species

Caesalpinia bonduc (L.) Roxb. – Grey Nicker (Pantropical)
Caesalpinia brachycarpa (Gray) Fisher – Broadpad nicker
Caesalpinia calycina Benth.
Caesalpinia cassioides Willd.
Caesalpinia caudata (Gray) Fisher – Tailed nicker
Caesalpinia ciliata Bergius ex. [Wikstr.]] – Broadpad nicker
Caesalpinia conzattii (Rose) Standl.
Caesalpinia coriaria (Jacq.) Willd. – Divi-divi (Mexico, Central America, the Caribbean, northern South America)
Caesalpinia crista (L.) – Gray nicker
Caesalpinia culebrae (Britt & Wilson) – Smooth yellow nicker
Caesalpinia decapetala (Roth) Alston – Mysore thorn (India)
Caesalpinia digyna Rottler
Caesalpinia echinata Lam. – Brazilwood (Brazil)
Caesalpinia enneaphylla Roxb.
Caesalpinia ferrea Mart. ex Tul. – Brazilian ironwood, leopard tree
Caesalpinia gilliesii (Wallich ex Hook.) D.Dietr. – Bird of paradise
Caesalpinia hildebrandtii (Vatke) Baill.
Caesalpinia kavaiensis H.Mann – Uhiuhi (Hawaii)
Caesalpinia lutea – Yellow Peacock
Caesalpinia major (Medik.) Dandy & Exell – Yellow nicker (Pantropical)
Caesalpinia merxmeullerana A.Schreib. (Namibia)
Caesalpinia mexicana A.Gray – Mexican holdback (southernmost Texas, Mexico)
Caesalpinia mimosoides Lam.
Caesalpinia minax Hance
Caesalpinia monensis (Britt) – Black nicker
Caesalpinia nhatrangense J.E.Vidal (Vietnam)
Caesalpinia pannosa Brandegee
Caesalpinia paraguariensis (D.Parodi) Burkart – Ibirá-berá, guayacaú negro, Argentinian brown ebony (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay)
Caesalpinia parryi (Fisher) – Parry's holdback
Caesalpinia pauciflora (Griseb.) – Fewflower holdback
Caesalpinia peninsularis (Britt) – Peninsular holdback
Caesalpinia phyllanthoides (Standl.) – Wait-a-bit vine
Caesalpinia platyloba S.Watson
Caesalpinia pluviosa DC. – False brazilwood
- Caesalpinia pluviosa var. cabraliana G.P.Lewis
- Caesalpinia pluviosa var. intermedia G.P.Lewis
- Caesalpinia pluviosa var. paraensis (Ducke) G.P.Lewis
- Caesalpinia pluviosa var. peltophoroides (Benth.) G.P.Lewis
- Caesalpinia pluviosa var. pluviosa
- Caesalpinia pluviosa var. sanfranciscana G.P.Lewis
Caesalpinia portoricensis (Britt & Wilson) – Brown nicker
Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.) Sw. – Pride of Barbados
Caesalpinia punctata Willd. – Quebrahacha, Kibrahacha in Aruba
Caesalpinia reticulata
Caesalpinia sappan L. – Sappanwood (Southeast Asia, Malay Archipelago)
Caesalpinia spinosa (Molina) Kuntze – Tara (Peru)
Caesalpinia sumatrana Roxb. (Malesia, Indochina)
Caesalpinia vesicaria L.
Caesalpinia violacea (Mill.) Standl.^[4]^[5]^[6]

Formerly placed here

Balsamocarpon brevifolium Clos (as C. brevifolia (Clos) Benth.)
Conzattia multiflora (B.L.Rob.) Standl. (as C. multiflora B.L.Rob.)
Haematoxylum dinteri (Harms) Harms (as C. dinteri Harms)
Hoffmanseggia drepanocarpa A.Gray (as C. drepanocarpa (A.Gray) Fisher)
Hoffmannseggia drummondii Torr. & A.Gray (as C. drummondii (Torr. & A.Gray) Fisher)
Hoffmannseggia microphylla Torr. (as C. virgata Fisher)
Hoffmannseggia repens (Eastw.) Cockerell (as C. repens Eastw.)
Hoffmannseggia viscosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Hook. & Arn. (as C. viscosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Fisher)

Moullava spicata (Dalzell) Nicolson (as C. spicata Dalzell)
Parkinsonia praecox subsp. praecox (as C. praecox Ruiz & Pav.)
Peltophorum acutifolium (J.R.Johnst.) J. R. Johnst. (as C. acutifolia J.R.Johnst.)
Peltophorum dasyrhachis (Miq.) Kurz (as C. dasyrhachis Miq.)
Peltophorum dubium (Spreng.) Taub. (as C. dubia Spreng.)
Peltophorum pterocarpum (DC.) Backer ex K. Heyne (as C. ferruginea Decne. and C. inermis Roxb.)
Pomaria jamesii (Torr. & A.Gray) Walp. (as C. jamesii (Torr. & A.Gray) Fisher)
Pomaria rubicunda (Vogel) B.B.Simpson & G.P.Lewis (as C. rubicunda (Vogel) Benth.)
Pomaria wootonii (Britton) B.B.Simpson (as C. wootonii (Britton) Isely)
Stahlia monosperma (Tul.) Urb. (as C. monosperma Tul.)^[4]

Uses

Some species are grown for their ornamental flowers. Brazilwood (C. echinata) is the source of a historically important dye called brazilin and of the wood for violin bows. Guayacaú Negro (C. paraguariensis) is used for timber in several Latin American countries, especially Argentina and Paraguay. Commercially it is marketed as Argentinian Brown Ebony, mistakenly as Brazilian Ebony, and as a family group as Partidgewood. End use for this timber is typically high-end exotic hardwood flooring, cabinetry and turnings.

Caesalpinia pluviosa is being investigated as a possible antimalarial medication.^[7]

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Caesalpinia.

Wikispecies has information related to: Caesalpinia

1 2 "Genus: Caesalpinia L.". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2007-04-03. Retrieved 2010-12-03.
↑ "Caesalpinia L.". TROPICOS. Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved 2009-10-19.
↑ Gledhill, David (2008). The Names of Plants (4 ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 83. ISBN 978-0-521-86645-3.
1 2 "GRIN Species Records of Caesalpinia". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2011-04-19.
↑ "Subordinate Taxa of Caesalpinia L.". TROPICOS. Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved 2009-10-19.
↑ "Caesalpinia". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 2011-04-19.
↑ Kayano, Ana Carolina; Stefanie CP Lopes; Fernanda G Bueno; Elaine C Cabral; Wanessa C Souza-Neiras; Lucy M Yamauchi; Mary A Foglio; Marcos N Eberlin; João Carlos Mello; Fabio TM Costa (2011). "In vitro and in vivo assessment of the anti-malarial activity of Caesalpinia pluviosa". Malaria Journal. 10 (112). doi:10.1186/1475-2875-10-112. PMC 3112450. PMID 21535894.

External links

USDA PLANTS Profile

This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the 12/4/2016. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.