Archduke Maximilian of Austria-Este
Maximilian of Austria-Este.
Archduke Maximilian Joseph of Austria-Este (July 14, 1782 – June 1, 1863), the fourth son of Archduke Ferdinand of Austria-Este and younger brother of Francis IV, Duke of Modena. He was grand master of the Teutonic Knights from 1835 to 1863.
Biography
Born in Modena, Maximilian was the son of Archduke Ferdinand of Austria (son of Maria Theresa of Austria and governor of Italy) and Maria Beatrice Ricciarda d'Este. He spent his youth in Monza, where his family had fled after the French invasion of the Duchy of Modena. After staying in Verona, Padua, Trieste and Ljubljana, his family moved in Wiener Neustadt.
In 1801 he joined the Teutonic Order, obtaining the Austrian Cross in 1804. After studying in the Collegium Teresianum of Wiener Neustadt, he was named Major General in the Austrian Army (1805). In 1809 he fought in Germany against the French; he clashed with the Napoleonic troops at Regensburg, leading his army towards Linz. In 1819 he was elected a Royal Fellow of the Royal Society.[1]
In 1830 Maximilian established himself in the Ebenzweier Castle, near Altmünster am Traunsee, while from 1831 to 1839 he lived in Linz. In 1835 he was named Grand Master of the Teutonic Order.
Maximilian erected several fortifications in the Austrian possessions in Italy, such as the Torri Massimiliane of Verona and the Torre Massimiliana of Venice.
He died in 1863 in the Ebenzweier castle. He is buried in Altmünster.
Ancestry
Ancestors of Archduke Maximilian of Austria-Este |
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| 16. Charles V, Duke of Lorraine |
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| 8. Leopold, Duke of Lorraine | |
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| 17. Eleonora Maria Josefa of Austria |
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| 4. Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor | |
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| 18. Philippe I, Duke of Orléans |
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| 9. Élisabeth Charlotte d'Orléans | |
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| 19. Elizabeth Charlotte of the Palatinate |
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| 2. Archduke Ferdinand of Austria-Este | |
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| 20. Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor |
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| 10. Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor | |
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| 21. Eleonore-Magdalena of Neuburg |
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| 5. Maria Theresa of Austria | |
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| 22. Louis Rudolph, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg |
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| 11. Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel | |
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| 23. Princess Christine Louise of Oettingen-Oettingen |
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| 1. Maximilian of Austria–Este | |
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| 24. Rinaldo III, Duke of Modena |
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| 12. Francesco III d'Este, Duke of Modena | |
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| 25. Charlotte of Brunswick-Lüneburg |
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| 6. Ercole III d'Este, Duke of Modena | |
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| 26. Philippe II, Duke of Orléans |
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| 13. Charlotte Aglaé d'Orléans | |
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| 27. Françoise Marie de Bourbon |
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| 3. Maria Beatrice d'Este, Duchess of Massa | |
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| 28. Carlo II Cibo-Malsapina, Duke of Massa |
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| 14. Alderano I Cibo-Malsapina, Duke of Massa | |
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| 29. Teresa Pamfili |
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| 7. Maria Teresa Cybo-Malaspina, Duchess of Massa | |
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| 30. Camillo III Gonzaga, Count of Novellara |
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| 15. Ricciarda Gonzaga of Novellara | |
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| 31. Matilde d'Este |
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References
External links
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17th generation |
- Descent of Charles I :
- Crown Prince Otto
- Robert***
- Felix
- Carl Ludwig
- Rudolf
Descent of Maximilian :
- Ferdinand Karl
- Heinrich Maria
Tuscany :
- Leopold Franz**
- Guntram**
- Radbot**
- Johann**
- Georg**
- Stephan**
- Dominic**
- Friederich Salvator**
- Andreas Salvator**
- Markus**
- Johann**
- Michael**
- Franz Salvator**
- Karl Salvator**
Palatines of Hungary :
- Joseph Karl
- Andreas Agustinus
- Nicholas Franz
- Johann Jacob
- Edward Karl
- Paul Rudolf
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18th generation |
- Descent of Charles I :
- Karl
- Georg
- Lorenz***
- Gerhard***
- Martin***
- Karl Philipp
- Raimund Joseph
- Itsván
- Rudolf
- Carl Christian
- Karl Peter
- Simeon
- Johannes
Descent of Maximilian :
- Maximilian Heinrich
- Philipp Joachim
- Ferdinand Karl
- Konrad
Tuscany :
- Sigismund**
- Georg**
- Guntram**
- Leopold**
- Alexander Salvator**
- Thaddäus Salvator**
- Casimir Salvator**
- Matthias**
- Johannes**
- Bernhard**
- Benedikt**
Palatines :
- Joseph Albrecht (1994–)
- Paul Leo (1996–)
- Friedrich Cyprian (1995–)
- Pierre (1997–)
- Benedikt Alexander (2005–)
- Nicolás (2003–)
- Santiago (2006–)
- Johannes (2010–)
- Paul Benedikt (2000–)
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- (bold) Holy Roman Emperor
- *also an infante of Spain
- ** also a prince of Tuscany
- *** also a prince of Modena
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Princes of Modena |
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4th generation |
- Alfonso III, Duke of Modena
- Prince Cesare
- Prince Obizzo
- Prince Cesare
- Prince Rinaldo
- Prince Borso
- Prince Ippolito
- Prince Foresto
- Prince Bonofazio
- Prince Rinaldo
- Prince Filiberto
- Luigi, Lord of Montecchio and Scandiano
- Sigismondo, Marchese of Lanzo and Borgomanero
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*also Archduke of Austria |