Amderma

Coordinates: 69°45′47″N 61°40′4″E / 69.76306°N 61.66778°E / 69.76306; 61.66778

Monument to engineer Yevgeny Livanov, founder of Amderma (1933)

Amderma (Russian: Амдерма, lit. a walrus rookery in Nenets) is a rural locality (a settlement) in Zapolyarny District of Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Russia, located on the coast of Kara Sea, near the Vaygach Island, 490 kilometers (300 mi) from Naryan-Mar, the administrative center of the autonomous okrug. Population: 650 (2002 Census);[1] 5,100 (1989 Census);[2] 2,900 (1968 est.).

History

It was established in 1933. Previously an urban-type settlement, it was demoted to a rural locality in November 2005, but its rural status was not officially codified until a law to that effect was passed in April 2015.

Climate

Amderma has a harsh polar climate with very cool and short summers combined with very long and cold (but by Russian standards not severe) winters. Although relative winter temperatures are normally hovering around −20 °C (−4 °F), the transition months of May and October see a milder form of winter. As a result of the lack of regular warm temperatures Amderma is above the tree line. It experiences midnight sun and polar night. However, the cold Arctic Ocean tempers and reduces the heat effect midnight sun brings to inland locations further south such as Naryan-Mar. Brief warm temperatures have been recorded when southerly winds have reached the area with a July record high of 31 °C (88 °F).[3] Winters are very cold for a marine location, but in spite of this there are several marine localities at lower parallels in North America that experience colder January lows than Amderma.

Climate data for Amderma
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 0
(32)		 1
(34)		 1
(34)		 7
(45)		 12
(54)		 22
(72)		 31
(88)		 26
(79)		 17
(63)		 11
(52)		 3
(37)		 0
(32)		 31
(88)
Average high °C (°F) −16
(3)		 −17
(1)		 −12
(10)		 −8
(18)		 −2
(28)		 3
(37)		 9
(48)		 8
(46)		 5
(41)		 −1
(30)		 −8
(18)		 −12
(10)		 −4
(25)
Daily mean °C (°F) −18
(0)		 −19
(−2)		 −16
(3)		 −11
(12)		 −4
(25)		 2
(36)		 6
(43)		 6
(43)		 3
(37)		 −3
(27)		 −10
(14)		 −15
(5)		 −6
(21)
Average low °C (°F) −22
(−8)		 −22
(−8)		 −20
(−4)		 −15
(5)		 −7
(19)		 0
(32)		 3
(37)		 3
(37)		 1
(34)		 −5
(23)		 −13
(9)		 −18
(0)		 −9
(16)
Record low °C (°F) −37
(−35)		 −43
(−45)		 −36
(−33)		 −31
(−24)		 −26
(−15)		 −8
(18)		 −2
(28)		 −2
(28)		 −7
(19)		 −22
(−8)		 −30
(−22)		 −39
(−38)		 −43
(−45)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 34.2
(1.346)		 27.1
(1.067)		 22.2
(0.874)		 19.8
(0.78)		 24.6
(0.969)		 33.3
(1.311)		 49.7
(1.957)		 47.7
(1.878)		 47.3
(1.862)		 45.1
(1.776)		 36.6
(1.441)		 37.3
(1.469)		 425.4
(16.748)
Source: [4]

Economy

Fluorite deposits are located in the vicinity of Amderma, but the mines have been abandoned since the 1990s.[5] It is home to the Amderma Airport, a civil airport and military base.

References

  1. ↑ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian). Retrieved August 9, 2014.
  2. ↑ Demoscope Weekly (1989). "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров" [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. Retrieved August 9, 2014.
  3. ↑ "Amderma, Russia Temperature Averages". Weatherbase. Retrieved 18 July 2015.
  4. ↑ "Amderma, Russia Temperature Averages". Weatherbase. Retrieved 18 July 2015.
  5. ↑ "Двина-Информ | Новости | Амдерме - быть!". www.dvinainform.ru. Retrieved 2016-01-07.

External links

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