Lieutenant Governor of Alberta

The swearing-in ceremony of Donald Ethell as Lieutenant Governor of Alberta, 11 May 2010

The Lieutenant Governor of Alberta /lɛfˈtɛnənt/ is the viceregal representative in Alberta of the Canadian monarch, Queen Elizabeth II, who operates distinctly within the province but is also shared equally with the nine other jurisdictions of Canada, as well as the other Commonwealth realms and any subdivisions thereof, and resides predominantly in her oldest realm, the United Kingdom. The Lieutenant Governor of Alberta is appointed in the same manner as the other provincial viceroys in Canada and is similarly tasked with carrying out most of the monarch's constitutional and ceremonial duties.^[1] The present, and 18th, Lieutenant Governor of Alberta is Lois Mitchell, who has served in the role since 12 June 2015.^[2]

Role and presence

The Lieutenant Governor of Alberta is vested with a number of governmental duties and is also expected to undertake various ceremonial roles. The lieutenant governor, him or herself a member and Chancellor of the order,^[3] will induct deserving individuals into the Alberta Order of Excellence and, upon installation, automatically becomes a Knight or Dame of Justice and the Vice-Prior in Alberta of the Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem.^[4] The viceroy further presents other provincial honours and decorations, as well as various awards that are named for and presented by the lieutenant governor; these are generally created in partnership with another government or charitable organization and linked specifically to their cause.^[5] These honours are presented at official ceremonies, which count amongst hundreds of other engagements the lieutenant governor partakes in each year, either as host or guest of honour; in 2006, the Lieutenant Governor of Alberta undertook 328 engagements and 280 in 2007.^[6]

Standard of the Lieutenant Governor of Alberta

Alberta's first Lieutenant Governor, George H. V. Bulyea (left), at Alberta's Government House with the Lord Strathcona and Mount Royal (centre) and Alexander Cameron Rutherford (right), 7 September 1909

At these events, the lieutenant governor's presence is marked by the lieutenant governor's standard, consisting of a blue field bearing the escutcheon of the Arms of Her Majesty in Right of Alberta surmounted by a crown and surrounded by ten gold maple leaves, symbolizing the ten provinces of Canada. Within Alberta, the lieutenant governor also follows only the sovereign in the province's order of precedence, preceding even other members of the Canadian Royal Family and the Queen's federal representative.

History

The office of Lieutenant Governor of Alberta came into being in 1905, upon Alberta's entry into Canadian Confederation,^[7] and evolved from the earlier position of Lieutenant Governor of the Northwest Territories. Since that date, 17 lieutenant governors have served the province, amongst whom were notable firsts, such as Norman Kwong—the first Asian-Canadian Lieutenant Governor of Alberta—and Helen Hunley—the first female lieutenant governor of the province. The shortest mandate by a Lieutenant Governor of Alberta was Philip Primrose, from 1 October 1936 to his death on 17 March 1937, while the longest was John C. Bowen, from 23 March 1937 to 1 February 1950. In 1956, following his appointment, Lieutenant Governor John J. Bowlen became the first provincial viceroy in Canada to be granted an audience with the Canadian monarch, starting a tradition that continues today for all of Canada's lieutenant governors.^[8]

One of the few examples in Canada of a viceroy exercising the Royal Prerogative against or without ministerial advice came in 1937, when John Bowen denied Royal Assent to three bills passed through the Legislative Assembly; two of the bills would have put the province's banks under the control of the provincial government, while a third, the Accurate News and Information Act, would have forced newspapers to print Cabinet rebuttals to stories the ministers objected to. All three bills were later declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court of Canada and the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council, though, in retaliation for this move by Bowen, his premier, William Aberhart, closed the viceregal residence, removed the Lieutenant Governor's secretary and support offices, and took away his official car.^[9][10] Nearly seven decades later, Lois Hole, who served as lieutenant governor from 2000 until her death in 2005, publicly stated that she wished to discuss with her premier, Ralph Klein, the proposed Bill 11, which was meant to allow private health care to compete with the public health care system. From this it was suspected that Hole might reserve Royal Assent to the bill; however, Hole eventually did allow the bill to pass.^[11]

See also

• Monarchy in the Canadian provinces
• Government of Alberta

Bibliography

• Munro, Kenneth (2005), The Maple Crown in Alberta: The Office of Lieutenant Governor, Victoria: Trafford, ISBN 1-4120-5317-X 

References

External links

• Lieutenant Governor of Alberta
• Canadian Parliamentary Review

Viceroys of Canada
Federal	Governor General
Provincial lieutenant governors	Alberta British Columbia Manitoba New Brunswick Newfoundland and Labrador Nova Scotia Ontario Prince Edward Island Quebec Saskatchewan
Colonial & territorial governors	New France (1627–1760) Acadia Newfoundland (1610–1949) Northwest Territories (1869–1905) Vancouver Island, Queen Charlotte Islands, and British Columbia (1849–71)

Politics of Alberta
Lieutenant Governor	Lois Mitchell Former lieutenant governors
Premier	Rachel Notley Former Premiers List of Premiers by time in office
Legislature	Current assembly Former legislatures Executive Council (Cabinet) Speaker of the Assembly Bob Wanner Opposition Leader Brian Jean Former Opposition Leaders
Political parties	New Democrats Rachel Notley Wildrose Brian Jean Progressive Conservatives Ric McIver Liberals David Swann Alberta Party Greg Clark Alberta First Communists Naomi Rankin Green Janet Keeping Social Credit Len Skowronski Reform Randy Thorsteinson
Elections	29th general election (2015) Past elections Electoral districts Current electoral divisions
Other Canadian politics: Federal AB BC MB NB NL NS ON PE QC SK NT NU YU