Abaqulusi Local Municipality

Abaqulusi
Local municipality

Seal

Location of Abaqulusi Local Municipality within KwaZulu-Natal
Coordinates: 27°46′S 30°48′E / 27.767°S 30.800°E / -27.767; 30.800Coordinates: 27°46′S 30°48′E / 27.767°S 30.800°E / -27.767; 30.800
Country South Africa
Province KwaZulu-Natal
District Zululand
Seat Vryheid
Wards 22
Government[1]
 • Type Municipal council
 • Mayor G.M. Dlamini (IFP)
Area
 • Total 4,185 km2 (1,616 sq mi)
Population (2011)[2]
 • Total 211,060
 • Density 50/km2 (130/sq mi)
Racial makeup (2011)[2]
 • Black African 95.4%
 • Coloured 0.5%
 • Indian/Asian 0.4%
 • White 3.5%
First languages (2011)[3]
 • Zulu 91.2%
 • Afrikaans 3.0%
 • English 2.5%
 • Southern Ndebele 1.0%
 • Other 2.3%
Time zone SAST (UTC+2)
Municipal code KZN263

AbaQulusi Local Municipality is a local municipality in Zululand in the KwaZulu-Natal province of South Africa. It is named after the AbaQulusi, a Zulu clan whose descendants live in the vicinities of Vryheid, Utrecht, eDumbe and eNgoje. They hailed from different origins but were unified by their allegiance to local Zulu royal homesteads. Historically they were not drafted into ordinary "amabutho" regiments but rather into a royal section, and no "umnumzane" chief presented them in the Zulu king's council.[4]

Towns and settlements

63% of the population of the AbaQulusi municipal area live in rural areas, most of which live in scattered homesteads known as imizi in tribal areas. Homesteads are of a mixed nature, including both modern dwellings and traditional thatched huts. The remainder of the population lives as tenants on farm or in towns, dormitory townships and shacks in the settlements around towns.

Vryheid is Zululand's main commercial, industrial and business centre, with a reasonably well-developed physical, social and institutional infrastructure. It is located at the intersection of the major transport routes (R34 and R69) that traverse the region.

Other towns and settlements within the municipal boundaries include: Alpha, Calvert, Emondlo, Esigodini, Gluckstadt, Hlobane, Kandaspunt, Lenjanedrif, Louwsburg, Ngobeni, Ngome, Scheepersnek, Steilrand, Stilwater, Swart Umfolozi, Thakazele, and Zungwini.[5]

The main nodal points of the AbaQulusi Municipal area are:[6]

Economy

Currently the agricultural sector provides the highest proportion of the Gross Geographic Product (GGP) of the AbaQulusi area, even though the area is classified as having low agricultural potential. According to a land potential analysis of the area, only 15% of agricultural land can be described as having high agricultural potential. There is extensive, but not intensive agriculture. Very few farms are irrigated.[6]

Products produced are timber, field crops and livestock. Current products farmed include maize, groundnuts, soya beans, sunflowers, fruits and sorghum.

Coal mining historically provided a major force in the local economy of Northern KwaZulu Natal. However, over the past 15 years a number of mines in the area ceased operation, negatively impacting the regional economy. The AbaQulusi Municipality was particularly affected by the closure of the Coronation, Mnyathi, and Hlobane mines in 1997 and 1998. Recently, the coal mining sector seems to have regained some momentum and it is coming back to dominate the economic sector.[6]

Manufacturing in the municipal area includes food and beverages, clothing and textiles, leather products, paper and paper products, printing and publishing, metal products, machinery and equipment.

Wetlands of national importance abound in the district, with Blood River Vlei being the most important. Over 370 species of birds and many animals, reptiles, insects, amphibians and plants can be seen here, creating a significant potential for ecotourism in the area.

Politics

The municipal council consists of forty-four members elected by mixed-member proportional representation. Twenty-two councillors are elected by first-past-the-post voting in twenty-two wards, while the remaining twenty-two are chosen from party lists so that the total number of party representatives is proportional to the number of votes received. In the election of 18 May 2011 no party obtained a majority, and the African National Congress (ANC) and the National Freedom Party (NFP) formed a coalition to govern the municipality. The following table shows the results of the election.[7][8]

Party Votes Seats
Ward List Total % Ward List Total
African National Congress 19,082 19,506 38,588 38.5 10 7 17
Inkatha Freedom Party 17,639 17,434 35,073 35.0 10 6 16
National Freedom Party 8,153 8,231 16,384 16.4 0 7 7
Democratic Alliance 3,181 3,484 6,665 6.7 2 1 3
Owethu Residents Organisation 1,187 957 2,144 2.1 0 1 1
Freedom Front Plus 439 153 592 0.6 0 0 0
African Christian Democratic Party 291 240 531 0.5 0 0 0
Independent 103 – 103 0.1 0 – 0
Royal Loyal Progress 12 77 89 0.1 0 0 0
Total 50,087 50,082 100,169 100.0 22 22 44
Spoilt votes 825 770 1,595

Challenges

The number of individuals infected with HIV/AIDS continues to be a major challenge. HIV/AIDS infections in Abaqulusi grew from 3.97% in 1995 to 19% in 2007. There was a substantial increase (49.89%) in deaths that were due to HIV/AIDS between 1995 and 2007. In 1995, 160 deaths were due to HIV/AIDS and in 2007 there were 2383 HIV/AIDS deaths. Thus in 2007, 41.13% of all reported deaths were due to HIV/AIDS (Abaqulusi Municipality LED Sector Plan, 2009). The HIV and AIDS prevalence rate for the KwaZulu-Natal province as a whole is estimated at 39%.[9] As a result, without proper nutrition, health care and medicine that is available in developed countries, large numbers of people suffer and die from AIDS-related complications. In some areas, the epidemic has left behind many orphans cared for by elderly grandparents. HIV/AIDS also severely retards economic growth by destroying human capital.[10]

Education levels in the area are very low, with 22% of the population having no formal education. 60.15% of the population has some form of primary or secondary education, but only 2.54% have had any further education. Consequently, one of the key challenges facing AbaQulusi Municipality is a relatively high rate of functional illiteracy. This has a significant impact on employability, the type of job opportunities that can be sought and the vocational distribution of the economically active population. The urban centres within AbaQulusi present a slightly better picture with regard to education levels, but generally the skills base remains low.[6]

Main places

The 2001 census divided the municipality into the following main places:[11]

Place Code Area (km2) Population
Bhekuzulu 529023.6720,336
Coronation 529033.022,430
eMondlo 529045.7822,085
Enyati Anthracide Mine 529052.60879
Hlahlindlela 52906265.1359,601
Hlobane 5290724.176,042
Kandas Prison 529081.081,860
Khambi 52909194.231,693
Louwsburg 5291012.703,117
Ndebele 529114.49516
Ngotshe 52912183.771,433
Vryheid 5291316.7415,021
Vulindlela 5291416.122,366
Zulu/Khambi 5291560.706,261
Remainder of the municipality 529013,389.4547,386

References

  1. ↑ "Contact list: Executive Mayors". Government Communication & Information System. Retrieved 22 February 2012.
  2. 1 2 "Statistics by place". Statistics South Africa. Retrieved 27 September 2015.
  3. ↑ "Statistics by place". Statistics South Africa. Retrieved 27 September 2015.
  4. ↑ Khumalo, Dr. Ben F. "abaQulusi of ebaQulusini" (PDF). Rulpsa. Retrieved 26 November 2012.
  5. ↑ http://www.kzntopbusiness.co.za/site/abaqulusi
  6. 1 2 3 4 Integrated Development Plan Review 2009/2010 — May 2009. Archived 26 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine. Abaqulusi Municipality. Retrieved on 10 October 2009.
  7. ↑ "Results Summary – All Ballots: Abaqulusi" (PDF). Independent Electoral Commission. Retrieved 3 December 2013.
  8. ↑ "Seat Calculation Detail: Abaqulusi" (PDF). Independent Electoral Commission. Retrieved 3 December 2013.
  9. ↑ Dugger, Celia W. (19 July 2009). "South Africa Is Seen to Lag in H.I.V. Fight". New York Times. Retrieved 10 July 2009.
  10. ↑ Bell C, Devarajan S, Gersbach H (2003). "The long-run economic costs of AIDS: theory and an application to South Africa" (PDF). World Bank Policy Research Working Paper No. 3152. Retrieved 28 April 2008.
  11. ↑ Lookup Tables – Statistics South Africa

External links

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