9,9'-Dicis-zeta-carotene desaturase

9,9'-dicis-zeta-carotene desaturase (EC 1.3.5.6, zeta-carotene desaturase, ZDS) is an enzyme with systematic name 9,9'-dicis-zeta-corotene:quinone oxidoreductase.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4] This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

\rightleftharpoons

7,9,7',9'-tetracis-lycopene + 2 quinol (overall reaction)

(1a) 9,9'-dicis-zeta-carotene + a quinone

\rightleftharpoons

7,9,9'-tricis-neurosporene + a quinol

(1b) 7,9,9'-tricis-neurosporene + a quinone

\rightleftharpoons

7,9,7',9'-tetracis-lycopene + a quinol

This enzyme is involved in carotenoid biosynthesis in plants and cyanobacteria.

References

↑ Albrecht, M.; Linden, H.; Sandmann, G. (1996). "Biochemical characterization of purified ζ-carotene desaturase from Anabaena PCC 7120 after expression in E. coli". Eur. J. Biochem. 236: 115–120. doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1996.00115.x. PMID 8617254.
↑ Josse, E.M.; Simkin, A.J.; Gaffe, J.; Laboure, A.M.; Kuntz, M.; Carol, P. (2000). "A plastid terminal oxidase associated with carotenoid desaturation during chromoplast differentiation". Plant Physiol. 123 (4): 1427–1436. doi:10.1104/pp.123.4.1427. PMC 59099. PMID 10938359.
↑ Breitenbach, J.; Kuntz, M.; Takaichi, S.; Sandmann, G. (1999). "Catalytic properties of an expressed and purified higher plant type ζ-carotene desaturase from Capsicum annuum". Eur. J. Biochem. 265 (1): 376–383. doi:10.1046/j.1432-1327.1999.00746.x. PMID 10491195.
↑ Breitenbach, J.; Sandmann, G. (2005). "ζ-Carotene cis isomers as products and substrates in the plant poly-cis carotenoid biosynthetic pathway to lycopene". Planta. 220 (5): 785–793. doi:10.1007/s00425-004-1395-2. PMID 15503129.

Oxidoreductases: CH–CH oxidoreductases (EC 1.3)

1.3.1: NAD/NADP acceptor	Enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase/Enoyl ACP reductase 7-Dehydrocholesterol reductase Biliverdin reductase 2,4 Dienoyl-CoA reductase Dihydroxymethyloxo-tetrahydroquinoline dehydrogenase

1.3.3: Oxygen acceptor	Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase Coproporphyrinogen III oxidase Protoporphyrinogen oxidase Bilirubin oxidase Acyl-CoA oxidase Dihydrouracil oxidase Tetrahydroberberine oxidase Secologanin synthase Tryptophan alpha,beta-oxidase Pyrroloquinoline-quinone synthase L-galactonolactone oxidase

1.3.5: Quinone	Succinate dehydrogenase SDHA SDHB SDHC SDHD

1.3.99: Other acceptors	Fumarate reductase Butyryl-CoA dehydrogenase Acyl CoA dehydrogenase ACADSB ACADS 5α-reductase SRD5A1 SRD5A2 SRD5A3 Glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase Isovaleryl coenzyme A dehydrogenase 3-oxo-5beta-steroid 4-dehydrogenase

Enzymes

Activity	Active site Binding site Catalytic triad Oxyanion hole Enzyme promiscuity Catalytically perfect enzyme Coenzyme Cofactor Enzyme catalysis Enzyme kinetics Lineweaver–Burk plot Michaelis–Menten kinetics

Regulation	Allosteric regulation Cooperativity Enzyme inhibitor

Classification	EC number Enzyme superfamily Enzyme family List of enzymes

Types	EC1 Oxidoreductases (list) EC2 Transferases (list) EC3 Hydrolases (list) EC4 Lyases (list) EC5 Isomerases (list) EC6 Ligases (list)

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