1845 in the United Kingdom

1845 in the United Kingdom:
Other years
1843 \| 1844 \| 1845 \| 1846 \| 1847
Sport
1845 English cricket season

Events from the year 1845 in the United Kingdom.

Incumbents

Monarch – Victoria
Prime Minister – Robert Peel (Conservative)

Events

3 January — First known arrest of a fugitive achieved through use of the then new electric telegraph when John Tawell is arrested after being followed by a detective alerted prior to Tawell's arrival at London Paddington station.
7 February — In the British Museum, a drunken visitor smashes the Portland Vase which takes months to repair.^[1]
11 March — Flagstaff War: Chiefs Kawiti and Hone Heke lead 700 Māori people in the burning of the British colonial settlement of Kororāreka, later known as Russell, New Zealand.
15 March — First University Boat Race to use the present Putney to Mortlake course (albeit in the reverse direction to that used today).^[2]
17 March — Stephen Perry patents the rubber band.^[3]
26 March — Sisterhood of the Holy Cross ('Park Village Community') established as the first Anglican sisterhood, to minister to the poor of St Pancras, London.^[4]
1 May — First cricket match to be played at the Kennington Oval.^[2]
2 May — Suspension bridge at Great Yarmouth, Norfolk, collapses: 79 killed.^[5]
19 May — HMS Erebus and HMS Terror with 134 men, comprising Sir John Franklin's expedition to find the Northwest Passage, sail from Greenhithe on the Thames. They will last be seen in August entering Baffin Bay.^[6]
20 May — The last fatal duel between Englishmen on English soil takes place near Gosport.^[7] James Alexander Seton is shot and dies twelve days later from his wound. His opponent, Royal Marine Lieutenant Charles Lawes Pym, is tried for murder a year later, but acquitted.
21 July — An unprecedented number of railway acts receive Royal Assent from Queen Victoria as the railway mania approaches its peak, Parliament having sanctioned 2,816 mi (4,532 km) of new construction.^[8]
26 July–10 August — Isambard Kingdom Brunel’s iron steamship SS Great Britain makes the Transatlantic Crossing from Liverpool to New York, the first screw propelled vessel to make the passage.^[9]^[10]
31 July — Jews are permitted to hold certain municipal offices.
9 August — Aberdeen Act instructing the Royal Navy to counter the Brazilian slave trade, signed.
9 September — Potato blight breaks out in Ireland:^[2] beginning of the Great Famine.
18 September — Anglo-French blockade of the Río de la Plata formally declared.
September — First students admitted to the Royal Agricultural College, Cirencester, the first agricultural college in the English-speaking world.^[11]
9 October — The eminent and controversial Anglican, John Henry Newman, is received into the Roman Catholic Church.
31 October–1 November — An emergency meeting of the Cabinet (summoned on 15 October by Sir Robert Peel, the Prime Minister) votes against Peel on the distribution of famine relief in Ireland, considering it would call the Corn Laws into question.^[12]^[13]
9–10 November — Peel orders the secret purchase of £100,000 worth of maize and meal from the United States for distribution in Ireland.^[12]^[14]^[15]
20 November — Anglo-French blockade of the Río de la Plata: Battle of Vuelta de Obligado: the Anglo-French fleet narrowly defeats the Argentine Confederation on the waters of the Paraná River but the victors suffer serious damage to their ships and Argentina attracts political support in South America.
5 December — Unable to persuade his Cabinet to repeal the Corn Laws in the face of the Great Famine in Ireland, Peel tenders his resignation as Prime Minister^[14] to the Queen but is reinstated days later when Lord John Russell is unable to form a government.^[12]
22–23 December — First Anglo-Sikh War: British forces defeat Sikhs at Battle of Ferozeshah in Punjab.^[16]
30 December — Queen's Colleges of Belfast, Cork and Galway are incorporated in Ireland.

Undated

Andover workhouse scandal.
Clarendon slab-serif typeface created by Robert Besley for the Fann Street Foundry.^[17]
Glass tax abolished.

Publications

Eliza Acton's cookbook Modern Cookery for Private Families.
Thomas De Quincey's essays Suspiria de Profundis (in Blackwood's Magazine).
Charles Dickens' novella The Cricket on the Hearth (20 December).
Benjamin Disraeli’s novel Sybil, or The Two Nations.
Friedrich Engels' treatise The Condition of the Working Class in England (published in Leipzig as Die Lage der arbeitenden Klasse in England).
William Sewell’s religious novel Hawkstone: a tale of and for England.

Births

14 February — Quintin Hogg, philanthropist (died 1903)
4 July — Thomas John Barnardo, philanthropist (died 1905)
9 July — Gilbert Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound, 4th Earl of Minto, politician (died 1914)

Deaths

22 February — Sydney Smith, writer and clergyman (born 1771)
17 July — Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (born 1764)
12 October — Elizabeth Fry, humanitarian (born 1780)

References

↑ Chambers, Robert. "7 February". The Book of Days. Archived from the original on 5 July 2008. Retrieved 2008-05-23.
1 2 3 Palmer, Alan; Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 267–268. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
↑ Penguin Pocket On This Day. Penguin Reference Library. 2006. ISBN 0-14-102715-0.
↑ Mumm, Susan (1999). Stolen Daughters, Virgin Mothers: Anglican Sisterhoods in Victorian Britain. Leicester University Press. p. 6. ISBN 0-7185-0151-9.
↑ "The Great Yarmouth Suspension Bridge Disaster — May 2nd 1845" (PDF). Broadland Memories. Retrieved 2010-10-14.
↑ The Hutchinson Factfinder. Helicon. 1999. p. 549. ISBN 1-85986-000-1.
↑ Jenkins, Bob. "The Last Duel in England". Portsmouth Now & Then. Retrieved 2010-09-20.
↑ Lewin, Henry Grote (1936). The Railway Mania and its aftermath, 1845–1852. London: Railway Gazette.
↑ Fox, Stephen (2003). Transatlantic: Samuel Cunard, Isambard Brunel, and the Great Atlantic Steamships. HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-06-019595-3.
↑ "Great Britain". The Ships List. Retrieved 2010-10-01.
↑ Sayce, R. B. (1992). The History of the Royal Agricultural College, Cirencester. Stroud: Sutton. p. ix. ISBN 0-7509-0178-0.
1 2 3 Woodham-Smith, Cecil (1962). The Great Hunger: Ireland 1845-9. pp. 50–7.
↑ Ó Gráda, Cormac (2006). Ireland's Great Famine: Interdisciplinary Perspectives. University College Dublin Press. pp. 7–15. ISBN 1-904558-57-7.
1 2 Kinealy, Christine (1994). This Great Calamity: The Irish Famine 1845-52. Dublin: Gill & Macmillan. pp. 37–46. ISBN 0-7171-1832-0.
↑ Donnelly, James S., Jr (2005). The Great Irish Potato Famine. Stroud: Sutton Publishing. p. 49. ISBN 0-7509-2928-6.
↑ Cates, William L. R. (1863). The Pocket Date Book. Chapman and Hall.
↑ Haralambous, Yannis; Horne, P. Scott (2007). Fonts & Encodings. O'Reilly. p. 397. ISBN 0-596-10242-9.

Years in the United Kingdom

Years in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland	1801 1802 1803 1804 1805 1806 1807 1808 1809 1810 1811 1812 1813 1814 1815 1816 1817 1818 1819 1820 1821 1822 1823 1824 1825 1826 1827 1828 1829 1830 1831 1832 1833 1834 1835 1836 1837 1838 1839 1840 1841 1842 1843 1844 1845 1846 1847 1848 1849 1850 1851 1852 1853 1854 1855 1856 1857 1858 1859 1860 1861 1862 1863 1864 1865 1866 1867 1868 1869 1870 1871 1872 1873 1874 1875 1876 1877 1878 1879 1880 1881 1882 1883 1884 1885 1886 1887 1888 1889 1890 1891 1892 1893 1894 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899 1900 1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 1906 1907 1908 1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926

Years in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland	1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

1845 in Europe

Sovereign states	Andorra Austria Baden Belgium Denmark France Germany Greece Hungary Luxembourg Netherlands Norway Ottoman Empire Papal States Portugal Prussia Russia San Marino Spain Sweden Switzerland United Kingdom

Dependencies, colonies and other territories	Gibraltar Guernsey Isle of Man Jersey Malta

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