1712

Millennium:	2nd millennium
Centuries:	17th century · 18th century · 19th century
Decades:	1680s · 1690s · 1700s · 1710s · 1720s · 1730s · 1740s
Years:	1709 · 1710 · 1711 · 1712 · 1713 · 1714 · 1715

1712 by topic:
Arts and Sciences
Archaeology – Architecture – Art – Literature (Poetry) – Music – Science
Countries
Canada –Denmark – France – Great Britain – Ireland – Norway – Russia – Scotland –Sweden –
Lists of leaders
Colonial governors – State leaders
Birth and death categories
Births – Deaths
Establishments and disestablishments categories
Establishments – Disestablishments
Works category
Works

1712 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar	1712 MDCCXII
Ab urbe condita	2465
Armenian calendar	1161 ԹՎ ՌՃԿԱ
Assyrian calendar	6462
Bengali calendar	1119
Berber calendar	2662
British Regnal year	10 Ann. 1 – 11 Ann. 1
Buddhist calendar	2256
Burmese calendar	1074
Byzantine calendar	7220–7221
Chinese calendar	辛卯年 (Metal Rabbit) 4408 or 4348 — to — 壬辰年 (Water Dragon) 4409 or 4349
Coptic calendar	1428–1429
Discordian calendar	2878
Ethiopian calendar	1704–1705
Hebrew calendar	5472–5473
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	1768–1769
- Shaka Samvat	1633–1634
- Kali Yuga	4812–4813
Holocene calendar	11712
Igbo calendar	712–713
Iranian calendar	1090–1091
Islamic calendar	1123–1124
Japanese calendar	Shōtoku 2 (正徳２年)
Javanese calendar	1635–1636
Julian calendar	Gregorian minus 11 days
Korean calendar	4045
Minguo calendar	200 before ROC 民前200年
Nanakshahi calendar	244
Thai solar calendar	2254–2255

Wikimedia Commons has media related to 1712.

1712 (MDCCXII) was a leap year starting on Friday (dominical letter CB) of the Gregorian calendar and a leap year starting on Tuesday (dominical letter FE) of the Julian calendar, the 1712th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 712th year of the 2nd millennium, the 12th year of the 18th century, and the 3rd year of the 1710s decade. As of the start of 1712, the Gregorian calendar was 11 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1918. In the Swedish calendar it began as a leap year starting on Monday and remained so until Thursday, February 29. By adding a second leap day (Friday, February 30) Sweden reverted to the Julian calendar and the rest of the year (from Saturday, March 1) was in sync with the Julian calendar. Sweden finally made the switch from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar in 1753.

Events

January–June

February 10 – A Huilliche rebellion begins in Chiloé Archipelago.
February 30 – Sweden temporarily adopts February 30 as a day to adjust the Swedish Calendar back to the Julian calendar.
May 19 – Peter the Great moves the capital of Russia from Moscow to Saint Petersburg.
May 22 – Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor crowned king of Hungary.

July–December

July 24
- Battle of Denain: The French defeat a combined Dutch-Austrian force.
- Battle of Villmergen: Reformed cantons of Switzerland defeat the Catholic cantons.
December 9 – Battle of Gadebusch: Sweden defeats Denmark and Saxony.

Date unknown

Newcomen steam engine diagram

The Treaty of Aargau is signed by Catholics and Protestants, establishing Protestant dominance in Switzerland, while preserving the rights of Catholics.
The first known working Newcomen steam engine is built by Thomas Newcomen with John Calley to pump water out of mines in the Black Country of England, the first practical device to harness the power of steam to produce mechanical work.^[1]
After many years of settlement, the "Town on Queen Anne's Creek" is established as a courthouse for Chowan County, North Carolina. The town is renamed Edenton in 1720 and incorporated in 1722.
The VOC Zuytdorp is wrecked off the coast of Western Australia.
John Arbuthnot creates the character of John Bull to represent Britain.

Births

Frederick II of Prussia

January 1 – Sir Richard Acton, 5th Baronet, English baronet (d. 1791)
January 2 – Marie-Angélique Memmie Le Blanc, Feral child (d. 1775)
January 5 – Hongzhou, Manchu prince of the Qing Dynasty (d. 1770)
January 17 – John Stanley, English composer (d. 1786)
January 24 – Frederick the Great, King of Prussia (1740–1786) (d. 1786)
January 24 – Georg Friedrich Schmidt, German artist (d. 1775)
January 24 – Charles Moore, 1st Earl of Charleville (d. 1764)
January 28 – Tokugawa Ieshige, Tokugawa shogun (d. 1761)
January 29 – Ralph Bigland, British officer of arms (d. 1784)
February 2 – Lydia Taft, American suffragist (d. 1778)
February 19 – Arthur Devis, British artist (d. 1787)
February 26 – Nasir Jung, Head of Hyderabad State (d. 1750)
February 26 – Nasir Jang Mir Ahmad, Nizam (d. 1750)
February 28 – Louis-Joseph de Montcalm, French general (d. 1759)
March 4 – Joachim Friedrich Henckel, Prussian surgeon (d. 1769)
March 8 – John Fothergill, British botanist (d. 1780)
March 12 – Sir Hew Dalrymple, 2nd Baronet, Scottish politician and the MP for Haddington Burghs on two occasions (d. 1790)
March 15 – Lambert Krahe, German artist (d. 1790)
March 19 – Joseph Frye, American general (d. 1794)
March 22 – Edward Moore, British writer (d. 1757)
March 27 – Claude Bourgelat, French veterinary surgeon (d. 1779)
March 28 – Empress Xiaoxianchun, Qing Dynasty empress (d. 1748)
March 31 – Anders Johan von Höpken, Swedish politician (d. 1789)
April 8 – Pierre Pouchot, French engineer (d. 1769)
April 27 – Devasahayam Pillai (d. 1752)
April 28 – James Hewitt, 1st Viscount Lifford, Lord Chancellor of Ireland (d. 1789)
May 2 – Thomas Bond, American physician and surgeon (d. 1784)
May 3 – Fortunatus Wright, English privateer (d. 1757)
May 5 – Janusz Aleksander Sanguszko, Court Marshal of Lithuania (d. 1775)
May 9 – William Pitcairn, British physician (d. 1791)
May 12 – Charles William Frederick, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach (d. 1757)
May 13 – Count Johann Hartwig Ernst von Bernstorff (d. 1772)
May 18 – Increase Moseley, American politician (d. 1795)
May 27 – Sir Thomas Cave, 5th Baronet (d. 1778)
May 28 – Jacques Claude Marie Vincent de Gournay, French economist (d. 1759)
May 29 – Thomas Dimsdale, physician and banker (d. 1800)
June 7 – Infante Philip of Spain, Spanish infante (d. 1719)
June 11 – Benjamin Ingham, American missionary (d. 1772)
June 14 – Sayat-Nova, Armenaian musician and poet (d. 1795)
June 15 – Andrew Gordon, British physicist (d. 1751)
June 21 – Luc Urbain de Bouëxic, comte de Guichen, French admiral (d. 1790)
June 26 – Johann Andreas Silbermann, German organ builder (d. 1783)

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

June 28 – Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Genevan philosopher (d. 1778)
July 4 – George Hadow, British historian (d. 1780)
July 12 – Thomas Estcourt Cresswell, British politician (d. 1788)
July 12 – Sir Francis Bernard, 1st Baronet, Colonial governor of New Jersey and Massachusetts Bay (d. 1779)
July 18 – Karl Frederick, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen, German noble (d. 1743)
July 19 – Carl Fredrik Mennander, Swedish bishop (d. 1786)
July 21 – Johann Karl Philipp von Cobenzl, 18th-century politician (d. 1770)
July 26 – William Pery, 1st Baron Glentworth, Anglican bishop (d. 1794)
July 26 – George Montagu, 1st Duke of Montagu (d. 1790)
July 31 – Johann Samuel König, German mathematician (d. 1757)
August 2 – Prince George of Kartli, Georgian prince (d. 1786)
August 12 – Karl Jakob Weber, Italian archaeologist (d. 1764)
August 12 – Jonas Hanway, Traveller and philanthropist (d. 1786)
August 15 – César Gabriel de Choiseul, French officer (d. 1785)
August 26 – Tadeusz Franciszek Ogiński, Polish noble (d. 1783)
August 27 – William Graham, 2nd Duke of Montrose, son of James Graham (d. 1790)
August 30 – George Montgomerie, British politician (d. 1766)
September 11 – Giovanni Targioni Tozzetti, Italian naturalist (d. 1783)
September 15 – Pierre Simon Fournier, French typographer (d. 1768)
September 25 – James Veitch, Lord Elliock, Scottish politician (d. 1793)
September 26 – Dominique de La Rochefoucauld, Catholic cardinal (d. 1800)
September 26 – Alexander Hamilton, Scottish-born doctor and writer from colonial Maryland (d. 1756)
October 1 – William Shippen, American anatomist (d. 1801)
October 5 – Francesco Guardi, Italian painter (d. 1793)
October 8 – Alison Cockburn, British poet (d. 1794)
October 14 – George Grenville, Prime Minister of Great Britain (1763 - 1765) (d. 1770)
October 14 – John Thomas, Dean of Westminster; Bishop of Rochester (d. 1793)
October 15 – Leslie Corry, Irish politician (d. 1741)
October 17 – Age Wijnalda, Dutch Mennonite minister (d. 1792)
October 17 – Landgravine Eleonore of Hesse-Rotenburg, Countess (d. 1759)
October 18 – Jeremias van Riemsdijk, Dutch colonial governor (d. 1777)
October 19 – Pedro, Prince of Brazil, second child of John V of Portugal and Maria Ana of Austria (d. 1714)
October 21 – James Steuart, Scottish economist (d. 1780)
October 22 – James Hamilton, 8th Earl of Abercorn (d. 1789)
October 24 – Joanna Elisabeth of Holstein-Gottorp, German duchess (d. 1760)
October 24 – Jonathan Nichols, Jr., Rhode Island colonial deputy governor (d. 1756)
October 30 – Christian Wilhelm Ernst Dietrich, German artist (d. 1774)
October 30 – Giovanni Pietro Francesco Agius de Soldanis, Maltese linguist, historian and cleric (d. 1770)
October 31 – Prince Moritz of Anhalt-Dessau, German general (d. 1760)
November 4 – Charles de Fitz-James, Marshal of France (d. 1787)
November 4 – Charles Louis de Marbeuf, French general (d. 1786)
November 7 – Antoine Choquet de Lindu, French architect (d. 1790)
November 11 – Hugolín Gavlovič, Slovak priest, Baroque writer (d. 1787)
November 24 – Ali II ibn Hussein, fourth leader of the Husainid Dynasty and ruler of Tunisia (d. 1782)
November 25 – Charles-Michel de l'Épée, French priest and educator of the deaf (d. 1789)
December 1 – George Boscawen, British general (d. 1775)
December 3 – William Sawyer, English cricketer (d. 1761)
December 3 – Joseph Relph, British poet (d. 1743)
December 9 – Alexander Murray of Elibank, fourth son of Alexander Murray (d. 1778)
December 11 – Francesco Algarotti, Philosopher (d. 1764)
December 12 – François-Antoine Devaux, French writer (d. 1796)
December 12 – Prince Charles Alexander of Lorraine (d. 1780)
December 25 – Pietro Chiari, Italian playwright (d. 1785)
December 31 – Charles, Prince of Nassau-Usingen, Prince of Nassau-Usingen (1718-1775) and Nassau-Saarbrücken (1728-1735) (d. 1775)
December 31 – Peter Böhler, Moravian missionary (d. 1775)
date unknown – Angélique du Coudray, French pioneer of modern midwifery (d. 1789)

Deaths

February 2 – Martin Lister, English naturalist and physician (b. c. 1638)
February 18 – Louis, duc de Bourgogne, heir to the throne of France (b. 1682)
March 25 – Nehemiah Grew, English naturalist (b. 1641)
April 11 – Richard Simon, French Biblical critic (b. 1638)
April 27 – John Crowne, English playwright (b. 1641)
April 30 – Philipp van Limborch, Dutch Protestant theologian (b. 1633)
June 11 – Louis Joseph de Bourbon, duc de Vendôme, Marshal of France (b. 1654)
July 1 – William King, English poet (b. 1663)
July 12 – Richard Cromwell, Lord Protector of England, Scotland, and Ireland (b. 1626)
July 26 – Thomas Osborne, 1st Duke of Leeds, English statesman (b. 1631)
August 3 – Joshua Barnes, English scholar (b. 1654)
August 18 – Richard Savage, 4th Earl Rivers, English soldier (b. c. 1660)
August 29 – Gregory King, English statistician (b. 1648)
September 9 – North Carolina Governor Edward Hyde (c. 1650-1712) (b. c. 1650)
September 12 – Jan van der Heyden, Dutch painter (b. 1637)
September 14 – Giovanni Domenico Cassini, Italian-French astronomer and engineer (b. 1625)
September 15 – Sidney Godolphin, 1st Earl of Godolphin, English politician (b. c.1645)
November 15
- James Douglas, 4th Duke of Hamilton, Scottish nationalist (b. 1658)
- Charles Mohun, 4th Baron Mohun, English politician (b. 1675)
date unknown – Baltacı Mehmet Pasha, Ottoman (Turkish) grand vizier (b. 1662)

References

↑ Rolt, L. T. C.; Allen, J. S. (1977). "The First Newcomen Engines c1710-15". The Steam Engine of Thomas Newcomen (new ed.). Hartington: Moorland. pp. 44–57. ISBN 0-903485-42-7.

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