1320s

Events

Contents: 1320 1321 1322 1323 1324 1325 1326 1327 1328 1329

1320

January–December

• January 20 – Duke Wladyslaw Lokietek becomes king of Poland.
• April 6 – The Scots reaffirm their independence by signing the Declaration of Arbroath.

Date unknown

• Ghiyas al-Din Tughlaq founds the Tughlaq dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate.
• The Venetian Arsenal is rebuilt as the Arsenal Nuovo.
• The Second Shepherds' Crusade begins.
• Dante's Quaestio de Aqua et Terra is published.
• In England many horses die of a disease called "Ffarsine".^[1]
• The Byzantine governor in the Morea, Andronikos Asen, captures the Frankish castles of Akova, Karytaina and St. George, securing control over Arcadia and Cynuria.

1321

• Easter – the Byzantine civil war of 1321–28 begins when Andronikos III Palaiologos initiates an uprising against Andronikos II Palaiologos.
• c. May–June – Leper scare: Rumours that lepers (acting on the orders of Jews bribed by Moors) are attempting to poison the Christian population spread throughout southern France.
• 14 August – King Edward II of England reluctantly agrees to demands from his barons to send Hugh le Despenser, 1st Earl of Winchester, and his son Hugh Despenser the Younger into exile.^[2]
• 29 October – King Stephen Uroš II Milutin of Serbia dies. His son Stephen Constantine claims the throne but Constantine's younger half-brother Stephen Uroš III Dečanski succeeds.
• A bad harvest brings famine in Europe.
• The Anatolian beylik of Teke is established.
• Gračanica monastery in Kosovo is rebuilt by the Serbian king Stefan Milutin.
• Spitakavor Monastery is completed in Armenia.
• The University of Florence is established.
• Approximate date – Battle on the Irpin River: The Grand Duchy of Lithuania defeats Prince Stanislav of Kiev.

1322

January–December

• January 6 – Stephen Uroš III Dečanski is crowned King of Serbia, having defeated his half-brother Stefan Konstantin in battle.
• February 13
  • The central tower of Ely Cathedral in England falls on the night of 12th-13th.
  • The Dalmatian house of Keglević (generatio Percal) is for the first time mentioned in a document.
• March 10 – Battle of Burton Bridge, part of the Despenser War: Edward II of England drives off rebel forces.
• March 16 – Battle of Boroughbridge: Edward II of England defeats several rebellious barons.
• June 24 – Jews are expelled from France for third time.
• September 28 – Battle of Mühldorf: Bavaria defeats Austria.
• October 8 – Mladen II Šubić of Bribir, defeated in the battle of Bliska, is arrested by the Parliament.
• October 14 – Battle of Old Byland, part of the First War of Scottish Independence: Robert the Bruce of Scotland defeats English troops in North Yorkshire.

1323

January–December

• March 6 – Under the Treaty of Paris, Louis I, Count of Flanders relinquishes his claim to Zeeland.
• July 18 – Thomas Aquinas is canonised.^[3]
• August 12 – The Treaty of Nöteborg between Sweden and the Novgorod Republic is signed, regulating the border for the first time.
• October 24–October 30 – Edward II of England stays at Liverpool Castle.

Date unknown

• Lithuania: In the Letters of Gediminas, Vilnius is named as the capital city.
• Remains of the Lighthouse of Alexandria (one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World) are toppled by a series of earthquakes.
• Conflict between Ingeborg of Norway and the regencies of her son in Sweden and Norway, which ends with the diminution of her power.

1324

Date unknown

• Marsilius of Padua writes his defence of the secular state, Defensor pacis.
• Emperor Musa I of Mali arrives in Cairo on his hajj to Mecca accompanied by an entourage numbering in the thousands and with hundreds of pounds of gold. This display of wealth garners the Mali Empire a place on European maps in 1395. On his return journey, he peacefully annexes Timbuktu.
• The weak Black Death epidemic spreads through the southern parts of Asia.

1325

January–December

• January 7 – Afonso IV becomes King of Portugal.
• February – Muhammad bin Tughluq succeeds his father Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq as Sultan of Delhi.
• March 13 – Recognized date for the founding of Tenochtitlan on a small island in Lake Texcoco by the Mexica empire at the dawn of the day. The Aztec capital becomes Mexico City in 1521.
• November 15 – Battle of Zappolino: Modena defeats Bologna.

Date unknown

• Volodimir of Halych, last king of Rus (Halych-Volyn Rus) of the Romanovichi dynasty, is removed from the throne by his boyars, ending 126 years of Romanovichi rule.
• The town of Bolu is conquered by the Ottoman Empire.
• Ibn Battuta begins his travels.
• Mansa Musa completes his pilgrimage to Mecca.

1326

January–December

• 10 February–11 March – Raid on Brandenburg: Allied forces of the Kingdom of Poland led by Władysław I the Elbow-high and of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania led by the pagan Gediminas raid Louis V of Germany's Margraviate of Brandenburg (within the Holy Roman Empire) with the sanction of Pope John XXII.
• 19 April – A peace treaty in the peasant revolt in Flanders 1323-1328 is ratified.
• 3 June – The Treaty of Novgorod delineates the border between Russia and Norway in Finnmark.
• 24 September – The invasion of England.
• October – Ibn Battuta reaches Mecca.

Date unknown

• Orhan I succeeds Osman I on the throne of the Ottoman Empire.
• Ingeborg of Norway is deposed from political power in Sweden.
• The use of the word "cannon" is first recorded in reference to a firearm.
• Foundation of Clare College, the University of Cambridge's second oldest (still surviving) college.
• The foundation of Oriel College, the University of Oxford's fifth oldest (still surviving) college, is confirmed by royal charter.

1327

January–December

• January 25 – The 14-year-old Edward III is proclaimed King of England after his mother Isabella has engineered the abdication of his imprisoned father Edward II of England on January 20. Isabella and her lover Roger Mortimer rule as regents. (Coronation February 1.)
• April 6 (Good Friday) – Tuscan writer Petrarch sees a woman he names Laura in the church of Sainte-Claire d'Avignon, which awakes in him a lasting passion. He writes a series of sonnets and other poems in Italian dedicated to her, which are collected into Il Canzoniere, an influential model for Renaissance culture.
• June 14 – Peace treaty between Norway and Sønderjylland.
• June 21 – Ingeborg of Norway marries her lover Knud Porse but is deposed from political power in Norway.
• November – Alfonso IV of Aragon begins his reign.
• English abbot Richard of Wallingford describes the construction of an astronomical clock in his Tractatus Horologii Astronomici.

1328

January–December

• May 1 – Treaty of Edinburgh-Northampton: England recognises Scotland as an independent nation after the Wars of Scottish Independence.
• May 12 – Nicholas V is consecrated at St Peter's Basilica in Rome by the bishop of Venice.
• May 26 – William of Ockham secretly leaves Avignon under threat from Pope John XXII.
• May 29 – King Philip VI of France is crowned, founding the Valois Dynasty after the death of King Charles IV of France, who has no sons to inherit.
• August 23 – Battle of Cassel: French troops stop an uprising of Flemish farmers.

Date unknown

• The Augustiner brewery in Munich is established.

1329

January–December

• February 1 – King John of Bohemia captures Medvėgalis, an important fortress of the pagan Grand Duchy of Lithuania, and baptizes 6,000 of its defenders
• February 18 – Amda Seyon I, Emperor of Ethiopia begins his campaigns in the southern Muslim provinces (possibly in 1332).
• March 27 – Pope John XXII condemns some teachings of Meister Eckhart as heretical.
• April – Antipope Nicholas V is excommunicated by Pope John XXII.
• June 7 – David II becomes King of Scotland.
• June 10 – Braganstown massacre, County Louth, Ireland: over 160 killed.
• June 11 – Ottoman Turks defeat Byzantine Empire in the Battle of Maltepe (Pelekanon)

Date unknown

• Aimone of Savoy becomes Count of Savoy.
• Construction begins on the Archcathedral Basilica of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary and Saint Andrew in Frombork, Poland.
• Amberg, Germany, passes to the House of Wittelsbach.
• Michael of Cesena is deposed as General of the Franciscans.
• Stefan Uroš IV Dušan of Serbia defeats Stephen II, Ban of Bosnia.
• Wiesbaden is granted the right of coinage by Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor.
• Edward III of England pays homage to Philip VI of France for Aquitaine.

References

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